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化学品危险等级分类

前言

根据《危险化学品重大危险源监督管理暂行规定》(安监总局令第40号)明确提出了对重大危险源进行分级的要求,并规定了具体的分级方法。 根据其规定,危险化学物质的重大危险源可分为一级、二级、三级、四级。

危险化学品重大危险源级别R值:

一级R≥100

二级100>R≥50

三级50>R≥10

四级R<10


Risk Codes

Chemical data sheets available in many countries now contain codes for certain "risk phrases", shown as R23, R45 etc. These risk phrase codes have the following meanings:

R1

Explosive when dry

干燥时易爆

R2

Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other source of ignition

受冲击、摩擦、着火或其他引燃源有爆炸危险

R3

Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition

受冲击、摩擦、着火或其他引燃源有极高爆炸危险

R4

Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds

生成极敏感的爆炸性金属化合物

R5

Heating may cause an explosion

受热可能引起爆炸

R6

Explosive with or without contact with air

极容易爆炸

R7

May cause fire

可能引起火灾

R8

Contact with combustible material may cause fire

与可燃物料接触可能引起火灾

R9

Explosive when mixed with combustible material

与可燃物料混合有爆炸性

R10

Flammable

易燃

R11

Highly flammable

高度易燃

R12

Extremely flammable

极度易燃

R13

Extremely flammable liquefied gas

极度易燃的液化气体

R14

Reacts violently with water

遇水反应剧烈

R15

Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases

遇水释放极易燃烧的气体

R16

Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances

与氧化性物质混合有爆炸性

R17

Spontaneously flammable in air

在空气中可自燃

R18

In use, may form inflammable/explosive vapour-air mixture

使用时可能产生易燃易爆的蒸汽-空气混合物

R19

May form explosive peroxides

可能生成爆炸性过氧化物

R20

Harmful by inhalation

吸入有害

R21

Harmful in contact with skin

与皮肤接触有害

R22

Harmful if swallowed

吞食有害

R23

Toxic by inhalation

吸入有毒

R24

Toxic in contact with skin

与皮肤接触有毒

R25

Toxic if swallowed

吞食有毒

R26

Very toxic by inhalation

吸入有极高毒性

R27

Very toxic in contact with skin

与皮肤接触有极高毒性

R28

Very toxic if swallowed

吞食有极高毒性

R29

Contact with water liberates toxic gas

遇水释放有毒气体

R30

Can become highly flammable in use

使用中高度易燃

R31

Contact with acids liberates toxic gas

遇酸释放有毒气体

R32

Contact with acid liberates very toxic gas

与酸接触释放极高毒性气体

R33

Danger of cumulative effects

有累积效应的危险品

R34

Causes burns

引起灼伤

R35

Causes severe burns

引起严重灼伤

R36

Irritating to eyes

刺激眼睛

R37

Irritating to respiratory system

刺激呼吸系统

R38

Irritating to skin

刺激皮肤

R39

Danger of very serious irreversible effects

有极严重的不可逆后果的危险品

R40

Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect

少数报道有致癌后果

R41

Risk of serious damage to the eyes

对眼睛有严重伤害

R42

May cause sensitization by inhalation

吸入可能致敏

R43

May cause sensitization by skin contact

与皮肤接触可能致敏

R44

Risk of explosion if heated under confinement

密闭加热有爆炸危险

R45

May cause cancer

可能致癌

R46

May cause heritable genetic damage

可能引起遗传性基因损害

R47

May cause birth defects

可能引起胎儿缺陷

R48

Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure

长期接触严重危害健康

R49

May cause cancer by inhalation

吸入可能致癌

R50

Very toxic to aquatic organisms

对水生生物有极高毒性

R51

Toxic to aquatic organisms

对水生生物有毒

R52

Harmful to aquatic organisms

对水生生物有害

R53

May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

可能对水体环境产生长期不良影响

R54

Toxic to flora

对植物有毒

R55

Toxic to fauna

对动物有毒

R56

Toxic to soil organisms

对土壤生物有毒

R57

Toxic to bee

对蜂类有毒

R58

May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment

能对环境产生长期不良影响

R59

Dangerous to the ozone layer

对臭氧层有危害

R60

May impair fertility

可能损害生育能力

R61

May cause harm to the unborn child

可能对胎儿造成伤害

R62

Risk of impaired fertility

有损害生育能力的危险

R63

Possible risk of harm to the unborn child

可能有对胎儿造成伤害的危险

R64

May cause harm to breastfed babies

可能对哺乳期婴儿造成伤害

R65

Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed

吞食可能造成肺部损伤

R66

Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking

长期接触可能引起皮肤干裂

R67

Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness

蒸汽可能引起困倦和眩晕

R68

Possible risk of irreversible effects

可能有不可逆后果的危险


R20/21


Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin

吸入及皮肤接触有害

R20/21/22

Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

吸入、皮肤接触及吞食有害

R20/22

Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed

吸入及吞食有害

R21/22

Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed

皮肤接触及吞食有害

R23/24/25

Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

吸入、皮肤接触及吞食有毒

R23/25

Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed

吸入及吞食有毒

R26/27/28

Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

吸入、皮肤接触及吞食有极高毒性

R26/28

Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed

吸入及吞食有极高毒性

R36/37

Irritating to eyes and respiratory system

刺激眼睛和呼吸系统

R36/37/38

Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin

刺激眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤

R37/38

Irritating to eyes and skin

刺激眼睛和皮肤

R37/38

Irritating to respiratory system and skin

刺激呼吸系统和皮肤

R42/43

May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact

吸入及皮肤接触可能致敏

R48/22

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed

吞食或长期接触严重危害健康

R50/53

Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

对水生生物有极高毒性,可能对水体环境产生长期不良影响

R51/53

Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

对水生生物有毒,可能对水体环境产生长期不良影响

R52/53

Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

对水生生物有害,可能对水体环境产生长期不良影响


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